Organizational Behaviour

Organizational Behaviour is one of the most crucial elements of management studies. This subject has been greatly researched upon and many great management thinkers have come up with separate theories which give us a fair idea about the nitty-gritty of this term. Organizational behaviour, as the name suggests, is the study of how individuals, people and various groups function in an organization. By adopting system approach methodology which focuses on the dynamics between people and organization in its entirety, it manages to create improved relationship within the organization. Organizational behaviour encompasses multitude of human dimensions including leadership, human behaviour, human psychology, motivation, change, culture which all combine together to achieve humans and organizational objectives.

Organizational behaviour uses some scientific means to understand the dynamics of individuals and group within the organization. It also seeks to study the structures and strategies guiding the motives of employees and organizations. It seeks to explain what motivates the individuals in an organization. Many eminent authors have presented their versions of organization behaviour. Among them, Chester Barnard, Frederick Herzberg, Henri Fayol, David McClelland, Abraham Maslow and Victor Vroom have presented interesting facets of the factors associated with organizational behaviour. Organizational behaviour as a subject was explored in detail by the Frederick Taylor, propagator of scientific management. He used the concept of goal settings and resultant rewards which culminated in better productivity. This study was followed by famous Hawthorne experiment conducted by Elton Mayo.

Thereafter, one after another theory started pouring in. All of them tried to explain human motives. Like theory X & Y, Maslow's motivational theory and others. According to them, for individuals' motivation differ from person to person. For some workers its monetary compensations whereas for others, social and affiliation needs are more important. Employees also tend to be more productive in a friendly working environment. People from different race and continent have different working habits and needs. All these experimentations and discoveries helped organization in aligning their strategies and structures with various set of needs and requirements.